Linux cut, sort, uniq, tr, paste, join, and comm Cheat Sheet

cut -d, -f1,3 users.csv

# Print the first and third fields from a CSV-like file.

cut -c1-8 ids.txt

# Print characters 1 through 8 from each line.

cut -d, --complement -f2 users.csv

# Print all fields except one.

paste names.txt emails.txt

# Combine lines from two files into columns.

paste -d, names.txt emails.txt

# Combine files using commas or tabs.

sort names.txt

# Default lexicographic sort.

sort -r names.txt

# Invert the output order.

sort -n numbers.txt

# Order lines by numeric value.

sort -h sizes.txt

# Sort values like 1K, 5M, 2G.

sort -k2,2 file.txt

# Sort on the second whitespace-separated column.

sort -u names.txt

# Return sorted unique lines.

sort access.log | uniq -c

# Count occurrences of adjacent duplicate lines.

sort file.txt | uniq -d

# Print only lines that appear more than once.

tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' < input.txt

# Translate characters from lower to upper case.

tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' < input.txt

# Translate text to lowercase.

tr -d '0-9' < file.txt

# Remove all digits from a stream.

tr '
' ' ' < lines.txt

# Replace newlines with spaces.

tr -s '
' < file.txt

# Squeeze consecutive newline characters.

join users.txt departments.txt

# Merge records based on matching first fields.

join -1 2 -2 1 left.txt right.txt

# Specify alternate join fields.

comm -12 <(sort file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)

# Print only lines present in both files.

comm -23 <(sort file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)

# List lines unique to the first sorted file.

comm -13 <(sort file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)

# List lines unique to the second sorted file.