Show boot time
Measure firmware, loader, kernel, and userspace startup time.
bashANYsystemd-analyzeboottime
bash
systemd-analyze timeNotes
Fast first look at slow boot issues.
Linux systemd Analyze and Troubleshooting Cheat Sheet
Use systemd-analyze, unit verification, logs, and dependency tools to diagnose systemd problems.
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Boot Analysis
Measure and visualize startup delays.
bash
systemd-analyze blameNotes
Great for identifying services slowing boot.
Show critical startup chain
Display boot dependency chain affecting startup time.
bashANYsystemd-analyzecritical-chainboot
bash
systemd-analyze critical-chainNotes
Useful when blame alone does not explain ordering impact.
bash
systemd-analyze plot > boot.svgNotes
Helpful for visual boot analysis.
Verification and Security
Validate units and inspect hardening.
bash
systemd-analyze verify /etc/systemd/system/myapp.serviceNotes
Run this before or after writing custom units.
Analyze service security
Show hardening score and suggestions.
bashANYsystemd-analyzesecurityhardening
bash
systemd-analyze security nginx.serviceNotes
Useful when improving service isolation and sandboxing.
bash
systemctl show myapp -p ExecStartNotes
Good for checking what systemd is really executing.
Show environment references
Inspect environment-related properties.
bashANYsystemctlenvironmentdebug
bash
systemctl show myapp -p Environment -p EnvironmentFilesNotes
Useful for broken env variable issues.
Incident Debugging
Troubleshoot failed services and restart loops.
bash
systemctl status myapp.serviceNotes
Status is often the fastest single command for incidents.
bash
journalctl -u myapp.service -bNotes
Focuses on current startup issues only.
Service logs previous boot
Inspect service logs from the last boot.
bashANYjournalctlserviceprevious-boot
bash
journalctl -u myapp.service -b -1Notes
Valuable after a boot-loop or crash.
bash
systemctl show myapp -p Restart -p RestartSec -p StartLimitIntervalUSec -p StartLimitBurstNotes
Critical when diagnosing restart loops.
bash
sudo systemctl edit myappNotes
Preferred over editing vendor files directly.
bash
sudo systemctl revert myappNotes
Handy when overrides caused problems.
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