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db.orders.find({ total: { $gte: 100, $lte: 500 } })Notes
Range filters are common for prices, scores, and timestamps.
MongoDB Queries, Projection, Sort, and Pagination
Use filters, logical operators, projections, sorting, skip, and limit to shape query results efficiently.
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Filter patterns
Common selectors for exact matches and operator-based filtering.
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db.orders.find({ status: { $in: ["paid", "shipped"] } })Notes
Useful for dashboard queries and status subsets.
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db.orders.find({ $or: [{ priority: "high" }, { total: { $gt: 1000 } }] })Notes
Logical operators help express more realistic query conditions.
Check field existence
Find documents that have or do not have a field.
javascriptANYmongodbexistsquery
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db.orders.find({ shipped_at: { $exists: false } })Notes
Helpful when auditing incomplete data or backfills.
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db.users.find({ email: /@example\.com$/i })Notes
Regex is flexible but can be expensive without the right patterns and indexes.
Projection, sort, and page
Return only the fields you need and keep results stable.
Project selected fields
Return only specific fields from matches.
javascriptANYmongodbprojectionfind
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db.users.find({ active: true }, { name: 1, email: 1, _id: 0 })Notes
Projection can reduce payload size and improve clarity.
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db.orders.find().sort({ created_at: -1 })Notes
`-1` is descending and `1` is ascending.
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db.orders.find().sort({ created_at: -1 }).limit(20)Notes
Limit is a basic building block for API endpoints and dashboards.
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db.orders.find().sort({ created_at: -1 }).skip(40).limit(20)Notes
Offset pagination is easy to understand but can become less efficient for very large offsets.
Cursor-style pagination idea
Use a stable sort key such as `_id` or a timestamp.
javascriptANYmongodbpaginationcursor
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db.orders.find({ _id: { $lt: ObjectId("65f0c8d4d95f1b2a3c4d5e6f") } }).sort({ _id: -1 }).limit(20)Notes
Cursor pagination usually scales better than repeated large skips.
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