sql
CREATE USER 'app_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replace-with-strong-password';Notes
Host matching matters in MySQL accounts; `%` allows connections from any host.
MySQL Users, Grants, and Privileges Cheatsheet
create users, alter passwords, grant privileges, show grants, revoke access, and manage MySQL accounts safely.
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user management
Create and modify accounts for applications, admins, and services.
sql
ALTER USER 'app_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'new-strong-password';Notes
Password rotation is a standard operational task for service accounts.
sql
DROP USER IF EXISTS 'old_user'@'%';Notes
Use with care because dropping a user removes its login access immediately.
Show the current and authenticated user
Inspect who MySQL believes you are.
sqlANYusercurrent_usersession
sql
SELECT USER(), CURRENT_USER();Notes
These can differ because of authentication and account resolution behavior.
sql
SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user ORDER BY user, host;Notes
Requires appropriate privileges to inspect system tables.
grants and roles
Grant and inspect privileges for application and admin workflows.
Grant privileges on one database
Allow an app account to use one schema.
sqlANYgrantdatabaseprivileges
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GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON app_db.* TO 'app_user'@'%';Notes
This is a common least-privilege grant for application accounts.
sql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON app_db.* TO 'admin_user'@'%';Notes
Convenient in development; more restrictive grants are safer in production.
Show grants for a user
Inspect the effective privileges granted to an account.
sqlANYshow-grantsprivileges
sql
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'app_user'@'%';Notes
Always verify grants after provisioning service accounts.
sql
REVOKE DELETE ON app_db.* FROM 'app_user'@'%';Notes
Use revoke to tighten access when an account should no longer perform certain operations.
Reload grant tables
Refresh privilege data after direct system-table changes.
sqlANYflush-privilegesgrants
sql
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;Notes
Usually unnecessary when using `CREATE USER`, `GRANT`, or `REVOKE`, but sometimes seen in legacy workflows.
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